Holding Grief and Joy for Purim

Holding Grief and Joy for Purim
A Conversation with Rabbi Zachary Shapiro of Temple Akiba
Introduction
Purim is often described as the Jewish holiday that looks most like a carnival: costumes, laughter, noise, and a sense of collective release. And yet, beneath the bright surface of celebration, the story at the heart of Purim is one of powerful emotional contrasts. It begins with vulnerability and threat, moves through fear and hiddenness, and only then turns toward rescue and joy. In other words, Purim asks us to do something profoundly human: to hold more than one emotion at a time. As Rabbi Zachary Shapiro, Senior Rabbi of Temple Akiba of Culver City, explains, Purim’s power lies in its ability to contain both darkness and delight, teaching us that joy does not erase grief, and grief does not eliminate the obligation to seek light.
The Purim Story: Joy Born from Vulnerability
Rabbi Shapiro begins with a simple truth: “Purim is a holiday of joy.” But that joy is not disconnected from the reality that shaped Jewish life in the diaspora. Purim, he explains, recalls a moment “when the Jews were living in the diaspora, so it doesn't take place in Israel. It takes place in ancient Persia.” The story unfolds in the royal court of King Ahasueros, where Esther, guided by her uncle Mordecai, must conceal her Jewish identity and later reveal it at great personal risk. Rabbi Shapiro describes the danger plainly: “Haman, the king's right-hand man, so to speak, becomes enraged when Uncle Mordechai does not bow down to him, and he targets the entire Jewish population of the kingdom.” The threat is existential: “Haman brought that to the king, and the king agreed, we should annihilate the Jews.”
And yet, the turning point comes from courage, not certainty. Esther is asked to speak, to risk exposure, to step forward when everything is on the line. Rabbi Shapiro summarizes the moral of the story in a line that resonates far beyond Purim: “it just takes the courage of one person to step forward and to say, ‘here I am,’ to make a difference.” Purim’s joy, in this telling, is not naïve. It is joy that comes after fear, after hiding, after the world has shown its capacity for cruelty.
Emotional Contrast: The Jewish Practice of Holding Opposites
If Purim feels like a celebration, it is because Jewish tradition insists on celebrating even when life is complicated. But that insistence does not deny the complexity; it makes room for it. Rabbi Shapiro puts it memorably: “I once read that the Purim story is kind of like a case of emotional whiplash.” He explains, the emotional shifts are fast and intense: “you go from a threat of genocide to life restored. You go from fasting to feasting. You go from being in hiding to being out in the open with full revelation. We go from a sense of immense fear to one of relief and then from mourning to celebration.”
This is not just a literary feature of the Book of Esther; it becomes a spiritual lesson. Purim reminds us that Jewish life has always contained paradox, and that the ability to carry conflicting feelings is part of resilience. Rabbi Shapiro even points to moments of history where this capacity was tested to its limits: “There are even stories during the Holocaust, when people were in death camps, of being able to have a little bit of Purim levity; or when they were in the Warsaw Ghetto, the children would put on a Purim spiel, a Purim show.” For Rabbi Shapiro, this is not about pretending things are fine. It is about a deeper truth: “even in these darkest of times, we're able to do that.” And the reason is larger than any single people: “we don't corner the market on it as Jews, but I we illustrate how humanity holds both joy and sorrow.”
Making Space for Both: Grief, Community, and the Responsibility to Seek Light
As Purim approaches, the question becomes practical: what does it mean to celebrate when someone is mourning? Rabbi Shapiro frames the Jewish calendar itself as guidance: “I often talk about the Jewish calendar as a map of the soul.” Some moments demand joy, others invite introspection. But life does not always cooperate. He asks the question many people quietly carry: “what happens if it's Purim season and we're going through a loss or there's a death in the family or there's a divorce? What if there’s something that tragically hits your soul?” The tension also works in reverse: “What if it's on the Jewish calendar a time of deep, reflective introspection, but you're celebrating your anniversary, or you have a birthday that day?”
Rather than seeing this as a spiritual problem, Rabbi Shapiro suggests there is something “kind of magical” in how these moments interact: “for those who do experience one of those joyful or sorrowful moments near or around a Jewish holiday or commemoration or festival, the two lock together. And they help balance each other out.” In other words, Jewish time can hold us when our personal time feels unsteady.
He also speaks directly to what mourning is for: “the funeral and the rituals of mourning are not only for the person who died, they're for the person or people who are living.” That is why community matters: “We as mourners need to be surrounded by people who we love, need to be uplifted by the community, need to remember through anecdotes, both sad and funny, those who have died.” And that is why levity is not disrespectful. When people wonder whether a moment of laughter is allowed in grief, Rabbi Shapiro answers without hesitation: “people ask, is it okay to make a joke? Is it okay to have levity? Of course. Of course, we need to go through those emotions when we're in mourning.”
To illustrate the prioritization of life, he shares a teaching that feels especially relevant as we approach a holiday of public joy: “there's a Talmudic lesson that asks: if a funeral processional and a wedding processional come to a street corner at the exact same time, Who gets the right of way?” The answer, he says, is clear: “the wedding processional gets the right of way, because we always want to find reasons to celebrate and for life to continue, which takes precedence over mourning.” This is not a dismissal of sorrow. It is a declaration that even in sorrow, life remains sacred and ongoing.
Where Brokenness and Wholeness Meet
Purim arrives with masks, costumes, and laughter, but it also arrives carrying the memory of danger, vulnerability, and the sudden reversal from fear into relief. That combination is exactly why the holiday speaks so deeply to real life, where grief and joy are rarely separated cleanly. As Rabbi Shapiro reminds us, Jewish tradition has long held “brokenness and wholeness in the same breath,” and Purim embodies this truth in both story and practice: “the day before Purim, there's traditionally a fast but that's followed by a feast.” The shift can be immediate and intimate: “We go from fear to tremendous relief, and these two things can be just a breath apart. From one emotion to the other.”
As we approach Purim, we are invited to celebrate without denying what hurts, and to grieve without surrendering the light that still remains. Or, in Rabbi Shapiro’s words, “in our sorrow, We still have the ability, and also the responsibility, to harness light wherever we can.”











